Muharram means “forbidden, sacred and worthy of reverence”.
The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) described it as being “Allah’s month” to show its nobility and virtue.
It is one of the four prohibited months in the year
“Verily, the number of months with Allah are twelve months (in a year), so was it ordained by Allah on the Day when He created the heavens and the earth; of them four are Sacred…” [Tawbah: 36]
It is recommended to fast as many days as possible in this month.
The Holy Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam said: The best of fasts besides the month of Ramadhaan is the fasting of Allah's month of Muharram and the best of salaat besides the fardh (compulsory) salaat is the tahajjud salaat (performed after midnight before dawn). (Muslim Vol.1 Page 368)
Highly recommended to fast the 10th day ‘Aashooraa, because the Prophet said,
“I believe that Allah will forgive the sins of the past year in return of the fast of ‘Aashooraa” [Muslim and narrated by Abu Qataada]
It is highly recommended to fast the 9th or 11th along with the 10th in order to be different from the jews. The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said,
“If I live till the next (year), I would definitely observe fast on the 9th…” [Muslim and narrated by ibn ‘Abbas]
In this month Allah granted victory to Prophet Musaa (peace be upon him) and his nation over Pharaoh
Ibn Abbas radhiyallahu anhu narrates that the Holy Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam came to Madinah and found the Jews fasting on the day of Aashooraa. Hence the Holy Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam inquired of them, "What is (the significance of) this day on which you fast?" They replied, "This is a great day. On this day Allah saved Moosa and his people and drowned Fir'awn and his nation. Thus Moosa alayhis salaam fasted on this day as a token of thanksgiving, therefore we too fast on this day." The Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wasallam said, "We are more worthy of Moosa and nearer to him than you." Thereafter, the Holy Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam fasted on this day and ordered (his Companions) that a fast be kept on this day. (Muslim Vol.1 Page 359)
The Prophet’s grandson, Hussain (may Allah be pleased with him), was martyred on the 10th day on the plain of Karbala.
The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) described it as being “Allah’s month” to show its nobility and virtue.
It is one of the four prohibited months in the year
“Verily, the number of months with Allah are twelve months (in a year), so was it ordained by Allah on the Day when He created the heavens and the earth; of them four are Sacred…” [Tawbah: 36]
Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “The division of time has turned to its original form which was current the day Allaah created the heavens and earth. The year consists of twelve months of which four are sacred: three consecutive months, Dhu’l-Qa’dah, Dhu’l-Hijjah and Muharram, and Rajab of Mudar which comes between Jumada and Sha’baan.”Al-Bukhaari (3167) and Muslim (1679) narrated from Abu Bakrah (may Allaah be pleased with him)
The Holy Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam said: The best of fasts besides the month of Ramadhaan is the fasting of Allah's month of Muharram and the best of salaat besides the fardh (compulsory) salaat is the tahajjud salaat (performed after midnight before dawn). (Muslim Vol.1 Page 368)
But it was proven that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) did not fast any month in full apart from Ramadaan, so this hadeeth is to be understood as meaning that it is it is encouraged to fast a lot in the month of Muharram, not to fast the whole month.
“I believe that Allah will forgive the sins of the past year in return of the fast of ‘Aashooraa” [Muslim and narrated by Abu Qataada]
“If I live till the next (year), I would definitely observe fast on the 9th…” [Muslim and narrated by ibn ‘Abbas]
In this month Allah granted victory to Prophet Musaa (peace be upon him) and his nation over Pharaoh
Ibn Abbas radhiyallahu anhu narrates that the Holy Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam came to Madinah and found the Jews fasting on the day of Aashooraa. Hence the Holy Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam inquired of them, "What is (the significance of) this day on which you fast?" They replied, "This is a great day. On this day Allah saved Moosa and his people and drowned Fir'awn and his nation. Thus Moosa alayhis salaam fasted on this day as a token of thanksgiving, therefore we too fast on this day." The Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wasallam said, "We are more worthy of Moosa and nearer to him than you." Thereafter, the Holy Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam fasted on this day and ordered (his Companions) that a fast be kept on this day. (Muslim Vol.1 Page 359)
Do not involve yourself in the mourning, lamenting and displaying grief. This is not the conduct of the Muslims. If mourning was permissible then the day of the demise of Rasulullah sallallahu alayhi wasallam would have been more worthy for (mourning and lamenting).
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